Kingdom: Plants

 

Phylum:  Amelanchier Sanguinea

 

Energy: Flowering plants (also called Anthophytes) get their energy from photosynthesis.  Before the plant has leaves, seed leaves in the embroyos called cotyledons absorb nutrients.  The seed in the plant continues to feed it until leaves grow.  In the wintertime, deciduous plants will loose their leaves to reduce water loss and become dormant.

 

When flowering plants have leaves, they use photosynthesis for energy.  The chlorophyll in the leaves is a pigment that absorbs wavelengths of sunlight.  Then the plant goes through light-dependent reactions.  The light-dependent reaction starts with the electron transport chain that produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate).  Then NADP (nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate) combines with a hydrogen ion and becomes NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).  NADPH stores energy for the plant to use.

 

Reproduction: To reproduce, Anthophytes go through a life cycle that produces spores.  The female gametophyte is formed in ovule in the ovary and the male gametophyte is formed by meiosis producing haploid microspores.  Two cells are formed and pollen grain forms a wall around the cells and pollination takes place.  The pollen grain is transferred to another pistol and if the egg is fertilized, the plant will reproduce.

 

Seeds are also dispersed by birds or mammals who eat them (seed dispersal my consumers). Undigestible seeds left in droppings may germinate (but conditions must be ideal for this to happen). Therefore few plants result from seed.